小儿急性上呼吸道感染 ,其发病率占儿科疾病首位 ,病原体 90 %为病毒所致 ,但临床普遍使用抗生素治疗。监测我院 1997年儿科病房住院病例 ,抗生素使用率达 92 .6 % ,其中上呼吸道感染占 98%。为了提高临床医生合理使用抗生素意识 ,减少滥用现象 ,我科与儿科配合 ,从 1998年 1月 Pediatric acute upper respiratory tract infection, the incidence of pediatric diseases accounted for the first place, 90% of pathogens caused by the virus, but the clinical use of antibiotic treatment. Monitoring our hospital pediatric ward 1997 hospital cases, antibiotic use rate of 92.6%, of which 98% of upper respiratory tract infection. In order to improve the rational use of antibiotics clinicians to reduce the abuse of phenomena, our department and pediatrics, from January 1998