在过去的几十年中,早产儿存活率有了显著提高,但出生后由于各种并发症以及营养支持不足,使得相当一部分早产儿达不到相应胎龄胎儿在宫内的生长速度,发生宫外生长迟缓。宫内及宫外营养摄入不足不仅影响早产儿体重、身长及头围的增长,也会影响到其神经系统的正常发育,包括神经元数量及树突连接等[1-3],从而导致运动和智力发育落后。因此为早产儿提供最佳的营养支持也是目前新生儿 Over the past few decades, the survival rate of preterm children has increased significantly, but due to various complications after birth and nutritional support, making a considerable part of the premature children can not reach the corresponding gestational age fetal growth rate in the womb occurred Ectopic growth retardation. Inadequate intrauterine and extrauterine nutritional intake not only affects the growth of body weight, length and head circumference in preterm infants, but also affects the normal development of the nervous system, including the number of neurons and dendritic connections [1-3], resulting in Exercise and mental retardation. Therefore, to provide the best nutritional support for preterm infants is also the newborn