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采用微波辐射方法制备了2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)/丙烯酰胺(AM)高吸水树脂,并用红外光谱进行了表征。探讨了单体配比、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、中和度、反应时间和微波功率对合成高吸水性树脂的影响,对树脂吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明,最佳条件下制备的高吸水性树脂吸蒸馏水倍率达1 495 g/g、吸生理盐水倍率为93 g/g;树脂的吸水倍率随电解质溶液浓度的增加显著下降,对不同阴离子的钾盐溶液而言,按阴离子半径从大到小的顺序依次降低;树脂的吸水倍率与阳离子的价态有关,价态越大,吸水倍率越低。
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) / acrylamide (AM) superabsorbent was prepared by microwave irradiation and characterized by FTIR. The effects of monomer ratio, amount of crosslinking agent, initiator dosage, neutralization degree, reaction time and microwave power on the synthesis of superabsorbent polymer were investigated. The water absorption rate of the resin was also studied. The results showed that the super absorbent polymer prepared under the optimum conditions had a water draw ratio of 1 495 g / g and a physiological saline draw ratio of 93 g / g. The resin’s water absorption capacity decreased significantly with the increase of the electrolyte concentration. In terms of potassium salt solution, the order of decreasing anion radii is decreasing in turn; the water absorption ratio of the resin is related to the valence state of the cation. The larger the valence state is, the lower the water absorption ratio is.