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本文将评述油气开发过程中多相流技术的现状。目前,所从事的Statfjord卫星油气田、Troll一期和Snohvit等油气田开发工程已清楚地表明,采用多相流技术开发油气田具有显著的经济潜力。上述工程所积累的经验将是迎接下列技术挑战的基础:①开发更可靠、更精确的流动模型,以预测斜坡管线内多相流的流体流量、压降等,以及分析流动现象。这些对整个生产系统的设计是十分重要的;②开发防腐管线和经济有效的缓蚀剂;③开发可控制水合物形成和结蜡的高效药剂;④开发可靠性高、适应性强、结构简单的多相混输泵。改进遥控和供电技术,这在该领域的未来开发活动范围内将起重要的作用;⑤逐步开发可靠性高的海底多相流计量装置。挪威国家石油公司(Statoil)在此方面已取得令人瞩目的成果。为充分挖掘这一潜力,该公司计划将进一步开发多相流模型、防腐、控制水合物、防蜡、多相流增压及计量设备等。
This article reviews the status of multiphase flow technology in the development of oil and gas. At present, the Statfjord satellite oil and gas fields, Troll Phase I and Snohvit oil and gas field development projects have clearly shown that the development of oil and gas fields using multiphase flow technology has significant economic potential. The experience gained from these projects will be the basis for the following technical challenges: Developing more reliable and accurate flow models to predict multi-phase fluid flow, pressure drop, etc. in sloped pipelines and to analyze flow phenomena. These are important for the design of the entire production system; (2) develop corrosion protection lines and cost-effective corrosion inhibitors; (3) develop efficient pharmaceuticals that control hydrate formation and waxing; and (4) develop highly reliable, adaptable and simple Multiphase pump. Improved remote control and power supply technology, which will play an important role in the future development activities in this area; ⑤Development of highly reliable subsea multiphase flow metering device. Statoil of Norway has achieved remarkable results in this regard. To fully exploit this potential, the company plans to further develop multi-phase flow models, corrosion protection, hydrate control, wax prevention, multiphase flow pressurization and metering equipment.