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通过对珠江三角洲地区900余组浅层地下水样中铍及铝、pH值等元素的分析,研究了珠江三角洲浅层地下水中铍的分布特征,探讨了铍的主要影响因素及其成因。结果表明,珠江三角洲地区浅层地下水中铍的含量介于0~40.3μg.L-1,普遍低于0.5μg.L-1,平均值0.66μg.L-1。超标点仅零散分布于广州、深圳、东莞、佛山和惠州地区,超标率2.24%。地下水铍污染呈局部点状分布特征。pH值和铝是影响该区地下水中铍分布的最主要因素。偏酸及高铝含量的地下水及土壤环境为铍的迁移提供了有利条件。岩石风化及天然土壤的形成是地下水中铍的来源之一,人类活动造成的污染对地下水铍超标有重要贡献。
Based on the analysis of beryllium, aluminum and pH values in shallow groundwater samples of over 900 groups in the Pearl River Delta, the distribution characteristics of beryllium in the shallow groundwater of the Pearl River Delta were studied. The main influencing factors and causes of beryllium were discussed. The results showed that beryllium content in shallow groundwater of the Pearl River Delta ranged from 0 to 40.3μg.L-1, generally lower than 0.5μg.L-1 with an average value of 0.66μg.L-1. Exceeding the punctuation points scattered only in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan and Huizhou areas, exceeding the rate of 2.24%. Groundwater beryllium pollution was localized point-like distribution. pH and aluminum are the most important factors affecting the distribution of beryllium in groundwater in this area. Partial acid and high content of aluminum in groundwater and soil environment for the migration of beryllium provided favorable conditions. Rock weathering and the formation of natural soils are one of the sources of beryllium in groundwater. Pollution caused by human activities is an important contributor to excessive beryllium in groundwater.