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目前,各地普遍开展家鱼人工繁殖,对于就地解决苗种问题,发展水产养殖起了重大作用。但是由于没有严格注意催产亲鱼的选择标准和防止近亲交配的结果,在某些地区四大家鱼出现了退化现象。其中,尤以白鲢退化表现十分明显。如郴县四清水库,70年以前成熟白鲢均在3.5—6Kg,而现在催产亲鱼仅为1.5—2.5Kg,而新留后备亲鱼可,体重0.75Kg 的公鱼就能挤出精液,此种现象在附近地区也不泛见。本试验试图采用不同水域亲鱼进行交配以防止家鱼退化。考虑到远途运输亲鱼的困难,进行了低温保存白鲢精液和人工授精的试验。
At present, the common practice of artificial reproduction of fish in various places has played a significant role in solving the problem of seedling in situ and in developing aquaculture. However, in the absence of strict attention to the selection criteria for brooding broodstock and the results of preventing inbreeding, degeneration of the four major domestic fish occurred in some areas. Among them, especially silver carp degradation performance is very obvious. For example, in Chencun Siqing Reservoir, the mature silver carp was in the range of 3.5-6Kg 70 years ago, while the current broodstock is only 1.5-2.5Kg, while the newly-reserve broodstock can weigh about 0.75Kg, The phenomenon is not common in the vicinity. This experiment attempts to use different waters of broodstock mating in order to prevent degradation of domestic fish. Considering the difficulty of transporting broodstock far away, experiments were carried out to preserve silver carp semen and artificial insemination at low temperature.