Enhancing the photoluminescence and depressing the background emission are important problems in rare earth ion-doped materials. In this letter, the two-photon absorption (TPA) probability in a Pr3 ion system is enhanced by a factor of 12.3 by a \pi-pha
Laser generated ultrasonic waves is numerically simulated by mass spring lattice model by considering the laser illumination as a vertical force, which is valid in the ablation regime. Few surface acoustic wave modes including surface skimming longitudina