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目的调查河南省大学生对药品不良反应(ADR)的认知情况及影响因素,为制定安全合理用药的政策提供基础研究。方法在2016年12月~2017年2月采用自制的调查问卷调查河南省大学生,抽样方法为单纯随机抽样,定量发放问卷1 000份。结果大学生自行购药比例较高,仅有6.99%的人表示自己从不自行购药。大学生对ADR的知晓度为80.09%。大学生能正确理解ADR概念的为64.51%,学历、性别相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),本科生正确理解的比例高于大专生(OR=1.6),女生正确理解的比例高于男生(OR=1.5)。在ADR上报方面大学生的认知情况不高,仅有26.80%的知道需要上报ADR,性别、学历相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男生高于女生(OR=1.5),本科生高于大专生(OR=1.5);仅15.04%的大学生知道如何上报ADR,性别、学历相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男生高于女生(OR=2.1),本科生高于大专生(OR=1.9)。结论郑州、新乡两地大学生对ADR知晓虑较高,大部分人能正确理解ADR的概念,但对于ADR的报告上认识不足,需要进一步对大学生进行有关ADR报告相关知识的教育。
Objective To investigate the cognition and influencing factors of adverse drug reaction (ADR) among undergraduates in Henan Province and provide basic research for the policy of safe and rational drug use. Methods From December 2016 to February 2017, we surveyed undergraduates in Henan Province using self-made questionnaires. The sampling method was simple random sampling, and 1,000 questionnaires were distributed quantitatively. The results of a higher proportion of college students to buy their own medicine, only 6.99% said they never buy their own medicine. The awareness of college students about ADR is 80.09%. The proportion of undergraduates correctly understanding the concept of ADR was 64.51%, there was significant difference between education and sex (P <0.05). The percentage of undergraduates correctly understanding was higher than that of college students (OR = 1.6) Boys (OR = 1.5). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). There were significant differences between male and female students (OR = 1.5), undergraduates (OR = 1.5). Only 15.04% of college students knew how to report ADR. There were significant differences in sex and education between male and female students (OR = 2.1) College student (OR = 1.9). Conclusion The students in Zhengzhou and Xinxiang are more aware of ADR. Most of them can correctly understand the concept of ADR. However, there is not enough knowledge about the report of ADR, so it is necessary to further educate college students about the related knowledge of ADR.