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煤体变形特别是横向变形因便于监测,故可以作为衡量煤体稳定性的重要指标。为研究深井煤体横向变形,设计3 000 mm大量程高频率煤体横向变形监测方法和监测仪,采用预先钻孔安装方式对采深超过1 000 m的唐口煤矿煤体进行了长期监测。结果表明:顶板运动和大采宽条带开采工作面空间结构作用造成了煤体横向变形的大趋势,煤体横向变形在工作面前方30~40 m时开始趋于明显,显著变形出现在工作面推过测站28~36 m时,工作面推过测站90 m左右,煤体横向变形相继趋于平缓;监测煤体最大横向变形仅为287 mm,较同矿井其他区域煤体变形偏小,原因为该区域煤体未受重复采动影响、巷道与最大地应力方向夹角较小、层理性砂岩顶板易于破断;首次监测到由于深井煤体受压能量积聚释放造成煤体不连续破坏而导致横向变形呈现出非连续、阶跃式、突变性特征,深井煤体在表现出塑性的同时,其弹性、脆性和冲击性特征表现的也更加明显。
Coal deformation, especially lateral deformation due to monitoring, it can be used as an important indicator of the stability of coal. In order to study transverse deformation of deep well coal body, a 3 000 mm long range high frequency coal body lateral deformation monitoring method and monitor were designed. The coal body of Tangkou coal mine whose depth was over 1 000 m was monitored by means of pre-drilling. The results show that the roof top movement and the mining effect of wide mining strip have a great trend of transverse deformation of coal seam. The lateral deformation of coal body tends to be obvious 30 ~ 40 m ahead of the working face, and significant deformation appears in the work When the surface is pushed 28 ~ 36 m away from the station, the working face is pushed through about 90 m of the station, and the transverse deformation of the coal body tends to be gentle one after another. The maximum transverse deformation of the monitored coal body is only 287 mm, The reason is that the coal body in this area is not affected by repeated mining, the angle between the roadway and the direction of maximum ground stress is small, and the roof of the bedding sandstone is easy to be broken. For the first time, coal bodies are discontinued due to the release of pressure energy from deep well coal bodies Due to the failure, the transverse deformation shows discontinuous, step-like and catastrophic characteristics. The deep well coal also shows the features of elasticity, brittleness and impact while the plasticity is manifested.