论文部分内容阅读
【目的】了解白菜型冬油菜抗寒相关性状的遗传方式,为油菜抗寒性的遗传育种提供一定的理论依据。【方法】以6个抗寒性不同的白菜型冬油菜品种(系)为亲本材料,按照GriffingⅠ配制完全双列杂交组合,将亲本和F_1种植后测定抗寒性相关的性状以获得试验数据。采用QGAStation软件中的加性-显性遗传模型和MINQUE(1)法,对白菜型冬油菜越冬率及11个理化性状的遗传方差分量比率、遗传相关性、亲本加性效应、组合显性效应和遗传率以及杂种优势进行分析。【结果】越冬率、POD活性、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、相对电导率、叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率和气孔导度的遗传主要以加性效应为主,显性效应影响较小;CAT活性、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量和净光合速率则主要以显性效应为主。在基因型和表现型的相关分析上,越冬率与CAT活性、POD活性、SOD活性、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率呈极显著正相关,与丙二醛含量和相对电导率则呈极显著负相关。陇油7号和陇油8号在越冬率、CAT活性、POD活性、SOD活性、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率上的加性效应均呈正值,表明陇油7号和陇油8号可用作提高后代抗寒性的亲本。显性效应分析表明,陇油7号×GY和陇油7号×陇油8号是抗寒性强的组合。狭义遗传率以SOD活性、相对电导率、蒸腾速率和越冬率的表现最好,分别为74.63%、59.06%、57.49%和56.87%,CAT活性最低,为2.83%。CAT活性、可溶性蛋白含量和净光合速率3个抗寒相关性状具有很强的群体平均优势和群体超亲优势。【结论】越冬率、SOD活性、相对电导率和蒸腾速率适宜在早代选择,亲本评价分析指出,陇油7号的一般配合力高,可作为冬油菜抗寒性改良的首选亲本。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to understand the inheritance of cold-tolerant traits of Brassica campestris L. in winter and to provide a theoretical basis for the genetic breeding of cold tolerance in Brassica campestris. 【Method】 Six cold-tolerant Chinese cabbage winter rape varieties (lines) were used as parents. Griffing Ⅰ was used to make complete diallel cross combinations. The parents and F_1 were planted to determine their cold tolerance-related traits to obtain the experimental data. Using the additive-dominance genetic model and the MINQUE (1) method in the QGAStation software, the overwintering rate and genetic variance component ratio of 11 physical and chemical traits of Brassica campestris, genetic additive, parental additive effect, combined dominant effect And heritability and heterosis analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that the inheritance of overwintering rate, POD activity, SOD activity, soluble sugar content, relative conductivity, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were dominated by additive effect but less dominant effect. CAT activity, The content of dialdehyde, soluble protein and net photosynthetic rate were dominated by dominant effect. In the correlation analysis of genotypes and phenotypes, overwintering rate had a significant positive correlation with CAT activity, POD activity, SOD activity, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate. And MDA content and relative conductivity showed a significant negative correlation. The additive effects on overwintering rate, CAT activity, POD activity, SOD activity, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis rate of Longyou 7 and Longyou 8 were all Positive values indicate Longyou 7 and Longyou 8 can be used as parents to improve offspring’s cold resistance. The dominant effect analysis showed that Longyou 7 × GY and Longyou 7 × Longyou 8 were the combination with strong cold resistance. The narrow genetic heritability showed the best activity of SOD, relative conductivity, transpiration rate and overwintering rate, which were 74.63%, 59.06%, 57.49% and 56.87%, respectively. The lowest CAT activity was 2.83%. CAT activity, soluble protein content and net photosynthetic rate of the three cold-resistant traits have a strong group average superiority and population super-superiority. 【Conclusion】 The overwintering rate, SOD activity, relative conductivity and transpiration rate were suitable for early generation selection. The parents evaluation analysis indicated that Longyou 7 had high general combining ability and could be used as the first choice for winter cold rapeseed improvement.