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目的阐明洪涝灾害对钉螺扩散的影响。方法利用安徽省历年血吸虫病防治资料,结合各年份气象特征,分析钉螺分布的年间变化情况。同时对1998年特大洪水后全省灾区的钉螺分布现状进行调查。结果洪涝灾害年份年平均钉螺回升面积及新增加钉螺面积分别是正常年份的2.56倍、2.16倍。1998年特大洪水安徽省灾区钉螺面积平均增加了4.97％,其中以山丘型流行区增加的幅度最为显著,钉螺面积上升了55.44％,但钉螺面积增加的绝对数仍以湖沼地区为主,占增加总面积的59.06％。不同流行程度地区以传播阻断地区增加幅度最为明显,钉螺面积上升了64.78％。结论洪涝灾害对钉螺扩散产生严重的影响,必须加强螺情监测。
Objective To clarify the impact of floods on snail spread. Methods Based on the data of prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province and the meteorological characteristics in different years, the annual variation of snail distribution was analyzed. At the same time, the current situation of snail distribution in the disaster-stricken areas in 1998 after the special flood in 1998 was investigated. Results The annual average snail recovery area and newly increased snail area in flood-prone years were 2.56 times and 2.16 times that of normal years respectively. In 1998, the catastrophe area in the flood disaster in 1998 in Anhui Province increased by 4.97% on average, of which the increase was most significant in the hill-type epidemic area, and the area of snails rose by 55.44%. However, the absolute number of snail areas was still dominated by lakes and marshes, accounting for Increase the total area of 59.06%. The areas with different prevalence levels have the most obvious increase in areas with transmission interruptions, and the snail area has risen by 64.78%. Conclusion Flood disasters have a serious impact on the spread of snail, we must strengthen the snail monitoring.