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Objectives To investigate the effects of testosterone enanthate(TE) on serum lipids and lipoproteins metabolism and the expression of androgen receptor ( AR), estrogen receptor beta ( ER -β) and platelet derived growth factor beta (PDGFR-β ) in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues(VSMTs). Methods Forty aged male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, group A (placebo group),group B (2.5 mg/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week ), group C (5.0 mg/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week ), group D ( 10.0 mg,/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week). All animals were fed freely during 16 - week treatment periods. The expression of AR , ER - βand PDGFR - β were studied by Weste bolt. Results Average serum LDL - C was lower in group D than that in group A ( p ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with the other groups, average serum TC was also lower in group D ( p ＜ 0.05). AR expression in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues could be regulated by TE: 99.50 ± 21.74, 125.38 ± 28.68 and 101.98 ±15.42 for TE concentrations at 2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kgand 10.0 mg/kg, respectively , the expression of ER -β could be regulated by TE: 92.34 ± 18.68, 47.72 ±18.12, 82.13 ±23.50, and the expression of PDGFR -β could be regulated as well by TE: 219.70 ± 45.59,50.16 ± 9.72, 125.36 ± 15.74 ( Data for AR , ER - βand PDGFR - β protein band intensity were expressed with x ± s, with control group taken as 100).Conclusions This study indicates that androgens have significant effects on serum lipids and lipoprotein metabolism. Testosterone enanthate at 5.0 mg/kg can stimulate the expression of AR, but inhibite the expression of PDGFR. Testosterone enanthate at the concentrations of 5.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg can inhibite the expression of ER - β.