公平与效率的关系之争由来已久,至今仍是众说纷纭、莫衷一是。笔者认为,在这一问题上之所以长期不能取得一致的认识,原因有二:其一,人们对公平的理解和定义各异;其二,不同的社会经济制度在客观上导致了不同的公平和效率关系,而人们在谈论两者的关系时,往往不考虑社会经济制度,这就使讨论缺乏应有的制度背景。因此,本文 The dispute over the relationship between fairness and efficiency has been going on for so long that there are still many divergent opinions and different opinions. The author believes that the reason why this issue can not achieve a long-term common understanding for two reasons: First, people's understanding and definition of fairness; second, different socio-economic systems objectively led to different fairness And efficiency, and people often do not consider the socio-economic system when they talk about the relationship between the two, which makes the discussion lacks the proper institutional background. Therefore, this article