目的了解教育程度对高血压发病及预后的影响。方法采用巢式病例-对照研究。社区中整群随机抽取高血压病例441例,对照460例,测量身高和体重,进行问卷调查,同时采集样本进行实验室相关检查。对研究对象进行5年的随访后,进行同样的调查。结果基线调查研究发现,在控制了年龄、性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压家族史、体质指数(BMI)等高血压相关因素后,教育程度可能是高血压的危险因素(OR=0.644,P=0.008)。经过5年随访后,基线对照组中教育程度高者高血压发病率为36.7%,教育程度低者高血压发病率为59.5%,相对危险度为0.394(P=0.002);基线病例组中教育程度高者高血压并发症的发生率为19.3%,教育程度低者高血压并发症的发生率为37.6%,相对危险度为0.397(P=0.006)。结论教育程度不但是高血压发病的重要的独立危险因素,而且对高血压预后具有重要影响。 Objective To understand the effect of educational level on the incidence and prognosis of hypertension. Methods Nested case-control study. A total of 441 hypertension patients and 460 controls were randomly selected in the community. Height and weight were measured and questionnaires were conducted. At the same time, samples were collected for laboratory tests. After a 5-year follow-up of the study subjects, the same investigation was conducted. Results The baseline study found that education level may be the risk factor for hypertension after controlling for hypertension-related factors such as age, sex, smoking history, drinking history, family history of hypertension, and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.644, P = 0.008). After 5 years of follow-up, the incidence of hypertension in the baseline education group was 36.7%, while that in the lower education group was 59.5%, with a relative risk of 0.394 (P = 0.002). In the baseline group, education The higher the incidence of hypertension complications was 19.3%, the incidence of lower education level of hypertension complications was 37.6%, the relative risk was 0.397 (P = 0.006). Conclusion Education is not only an important independent risk factor for hypertension, but also has an important impact on the prognosis of hypertension.