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目的:编制初产妇哺乳期乳腺炎知信行问卷，并检验其信效度。方法:以知信行理论（knowledge-attitude-practice，KAP）为指导，通过文献回顾、质性访谈、德尔菲专家函询法及预实验形成测试版问卷。采用便利抽样法，选取2021年2—6月在上海市某三甲妇产专科医院就诊的623名初产妇为研究对象，并于产后42 d对其进行正式的问卷调查。采用项目分析法进行条目筛选；运用探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析以及专家咨询法评价问卷的效度；运用重测信度、折半信度以及内部一致性系数评价问卷的信度。共发放问卷623份，回收问卷614份，其中有效问卷609份，有效回收率为97.75%。结果:问卷最终包含26个条目。探索性因子分析提取出6个公因子，累计方差贡献率为63.141%。验证性因子分析得出卡方与自由度比值（χn 2/n df）=1.952、近似误差均方根（n RMSEA）=0.056、比较拟合指数（n CFI）=0.922、增值拟合指数（n IFI）=0.923、简效规范拟合指数（n PNFI）=0.746、简效比较拟合指数（n PCFI）=0.806。问卷水平的内容效度指数为0.91，条目水平的内容效度指数为0.81~0.98。总问卷的Cronbach\'s α系数为0.863、折半信度系数为0.714、重测信度系数为0.865。n 结论:初产妇哺乳期乳腺炎知信行问卷具有良好的信效度，可以用于初产妇哺乳期乳腺炎知信行现状的评估。“,”Objective:To compile the knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire for primiparas with breast-feeding mastitis and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Guided by the knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) theory, the first draft of the test questionnaire was formed through literature review, qualitative interviews, the Delphi method and pre-experiments. Totally 623 primiparas who attended a ClassⅢ Grade A obstetrics and gynecology hospital in Shanghai from February to June 2021 were selected by convenient sampling and formally investigated 42 days after delivery. Item analysis was used to select items; exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and expert consultation were employed to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire; test-retest reliability, half-reliability and internal consistency coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. A total of 623 questionnaires were distributed and 614 questionnaires were recovered, of which 609 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 97.75%.Results:The questionnaire finally contained 26 items. Totally 6 common factors were extracted through exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 63.141%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the ratio of chi-square to degrees of freedom (χn 2/n df) =1.952, root mean square of root mean square error of approximation (n RMSEA) =0.056, comparative fit index (n CFI) = 0.922, incremental fit index (n IFI) =0.923, parsimonious normed fit index (n PNFI) =0.746, and parsimonious comparative fit index (n PCFI) =0.806. The content validity index at the questionnaire level was 0.91, and the content validity index at the item level was 0.81~0.98. The Cronbach\'s α coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.863、the half-reliability coefficient was 0.714, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.865.n Conclusions:The KAP questionnaire for primiparas with breast-feeding mastitis has good reliability and validity, which can be used to assess the current status of primiparous women\'s KAP of breast-feeding mastitis.