随着社会经济的不断发展,人类物质文化生活不断提高,城市建设日新月异。与此同时,高速发展的现代化社会使发生各种灾害的潜在因素不断增多,也使人类本身忍受灾害的能力越来越脆弱。如何减轻灾难对人类的危害,如何把伤亡和损失降到最低限度,成为世界各国共同关注的焦点,也成为我 With the continuous development of social economy, the material and cultural life of human beings continues to improve and the urban construction is changing rapidly. At the same time, the rapidly evolving modern society has made the potential for disasters all the more visible and has made human beings increasingly vulnerable to disasters. How to reduce the harm of disasters to human beings and how to minimize the casualties and losses have become the common focus of all countries in the world and have become