一、儒耶对话的主要障碍斯威德勒在《走向一种普遍的全球伦理宣言》中指出,人类历史上的“第二个轴心时代”已经来临,如果说第一个轴心时代,人类文化实现了从部落、神话向个体、主体意识转向的话,那么,在第二个轴心时代,人类文化将实现从个体意识向全球意识的转变~①。全球化将世界引入一个对话的时代,每一种文化都不可能只是停留在对以往传统的固守之中,每一种文化都不可避免地与他者文化相 I. Main Obstacle in the Dialogue between Buddhists and Advocators Swidler pointed out in his “Towards a Universal Declaration of Universal Ethics” that the “second axis era” in human history has arrived. If the first axis In times when human culture turned from tribal and mythological to individual and subjective consciousness, then in the second axis era, human culture will realize the transformation from individual consciousness to global consciousness. Globalization brought the world into an era of dialogue in which every culture can not just remain stuck to traditional traditions, each of which is inevitably culturally associated with the other