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经过两年多的治理整顿,1990年我国经济的宏观总量控制取得了明显成效。针对在治理整顿中出现的市场销售持续疲软、经济效益明显恶化等新情况和新问题,中央于1990年年初确定了坚持总量控制和适度调节的原则。随着各项启动市场措施的逐步实施,消费品市场从1990年6月开始缓慢回升,但扣除物价因素,全年社会商品零售总额和生产资料销售总额仍为负增长,因而目前我国市场销售总体上还未走出低谷。由于经济结构扭曲和经济效益下降等深层次的问题没有根本解决,在企业成本上升、效益下降、财政入不敷出等问题还很突出,价格结构性矛盾又十分严重的情况下,如果宏观政策调节掌握不当,1991年有再次发生严重通货膨胀的危险。如果宏观管理操作适当,启动市场的措施能够严格掌握在总量控制的限度内,1991年市场销售将逐步回升,社会商品零售物价指数上升幅度可控制在10%以下。根据对宏观经济形势以及市场物价发展趋势的分析,本文认为,在1991年应抓住时机,围绕价格、商业、物资等方面及时推出必要的改革措施,适当加大改革的份量,以促进结构调整和效益提高。
After more than two years of governing and rectifying, in 1990 the country’s macroeconomic total control achieved remarkable results. In response to the new situation and new problems in the continued weakness in market sales and significant deterioration in economic efficiency during the process of rectification, the Central Government decided in early 1990 to adhere to the principle of total control and moderation. With the gradual implementation of various market-starting measures, the consumer goods market began to slowly pick up from June 1990, but after deducting price factors, the total retail sales of social goods and sales of production materials remained negative in the year, and thus the overall market sales in China are still Did not come out of the trough. Because the deep-seated problems such as the distortion of economic structure and declining economic benefits have not been solved fundamentally, problems such as rising corporate costs, declining benefits, and financial inefficiencies are still outstanding. If the structural contradictions in prices are very serious, if macroeconomic policy adjustments are not properly managed, In 1991, there was a danger of serious recurrence of inflation. If the macro-management operation is appropriate, the measures to start the market can be strictly controlled within the limits of total control. In 1991, the market sales will gradually rise, and the rise rate of the social commodity retail price index can be controlled below 10%. Based on the analysis of the macroeconomic situation and the development trend of market prices, this paper believes that in 1991, we should seize the opportunity to promptly introduce necessary reform measures in the areas of price, commerce, materials, etc., and appropriately increase the amount of reform to promote structural adjustment. And improve efficiency.