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德国作家维兰德的小说《金镜》(第一版1772/第二版1794)所探讨的核心政治问题之一是作为18世纪下半叶欧洲范围内重要历史事件的“开明专制”运动。本文聚焦于《金镜》第二版的“宫廷谈话”情节,经分析认为:该情节中的叙事情境文学化地演示出了18世纪、尤其是“开明专制”时期欧洲/德国的启蒙运动与君主专制政权之间的互动关系;维兰德借该情节中哲学家与君主人物的视角,批判性地探讨了建构于该情节中的启蒙理性对专制权力的“规劝”模式的实践效果;该情节对“开明专制”内在矛盾性的鲜明的文学化演示,折射出维兰德在18世纪末期对于“开明专制”运动的一种明确的质疑与反思立场,这一立场不仅仅体现于小说结尾,而是贯穿于该情节的始终。
One of the core political issues discussed by Wieland’s novel The Golden Mirror (first edition 1772 / second edition 1794) is the “enlightened autocracy” as an important historical event in the second half of the 18th century in Europe movement. This article focuses on the “courtesy talk” episode of the second edition of The Golden Mirror. According to the analysis, the narrative context in this episode literally demonstrates that the eighteenth century, especially the “enlightened autocracy” in Europe / Germany The Enlightenment and the monarchy’s autocratic regime. Through the perspective of philosopher and monarch in this episode, Wieland critically explores the “suggestion” of enlightenment rationality to authoritarian power constructed in this episode. Model of the practical effect; the plot of the “liberal monarchy,” the inherent contradictions of the literary demonstration reflects the Wieland in the late eighteenth century for “enlightened despotism ” campaign a clear challenge and reflection position , This position is not only reflected in the end of the novel, but throughout the plot.