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目的调查泉州地区手足口病(HFMD)流行的特征,为该地区HFMD的防治提供参考。方法分析2014年9月至2015年9月泉州地区HFMD的发病季节、地区、性别、年龄及不同类型病毒感染的情况。结果泉州地区一年四季均有新发HFMD病例,发病高峰在4~7月,次高峰为9~10月。发病人群以散居儿童多见;其中男性患者占64.9%,女性患者占35.1%,男女发病比例为1.9∶1,总体发病率为0.2%。患者中<5岁的儿童占94.9%,其中1~2岁占54.3%。脑炎病例多数患者年龄<2岁,尤其以1~2岁为多发。咽拭子标本检测发现,66.5%为EV71感染,6.8%为CoxA16感染,26.7%为其他病毒感染。多数病人有多处皮疹。结论泉州地区HFMD病例在夏秋季明显增多,人口密集的地区发病率较高,以EV71感染最为多见。5岁以下儿童,特别是1~2岁儿童为HFMD易感人群。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of HFMD in Quanzhou and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of HFMD in this area. Methods The incidence of HFMD from September 2014 to September 2015 was analyzed in terms of season, area, sex, age and different types of viral infections in Quanzhou area. Results There were all newly diagnosed cases of HFMD in Quanzhou all year round. The peak incidence was in April to July and the next peak was in September to October. Incidence of the crowd to scattered children more common; male patients accounted for 64.9%, female patients accounted for 35.1%, male to female incidence ratio of 1.9: 1, the overall incidence rate of 0.2%. 94.5% of children <5 years old, of which 54.3% were 1-2 years old. Most cases of encephalitis patients aged <2 years, especially in 1 to 2 years old. Throat swab specimens found that 66.5% were EV71, 6.8% were CoxA16 and 26.7% were other viruses. Most patients have multiple rashes. Conclusion The cases of HFMD in Quanzhou were significantly increased in summer and autumn, with high prevalence in densely populated areas and the most common infection with EV71. Children under 5 years of age, especially children 1-2 years of age, are susceptible to HFMD.