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生长因子是一类与受体结合后可以促进细胞增殖和调节细胞多项功能的多肽分子。生长因子及其受体信号通路包括Ras/MAPK、PI3K/AKT和STAT等不仅调控正常细胞的生物学行为,对恶性肿瘤细胞增殖、分化、转化和迁移也具有重要意义。研究发现多种生长因子如VEGF、PDGF和IGF及其受体在多种实体肿瘤如肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌中发现有异常表达,在淋巴瘤如DLBCL、PTCL、ML和NL中也存在异常的共同表达,提示在淋巴瘤中可能构成生长因子及其受体的自分泌/旁分泌环路。生长因子及其受体的表达对淋巴瘤患者的预后有一定指导意义,临床研究发现表达生长因子或其受体阳性患者比表达阴性患者有较差的临床预后。这可能与生长因子及其受体对淋巴瘤细胞的增殖、转移和耐药调控有关。目前生长因子及其受体已成为潜在的药物靶点,多种生长因子及其受体抑制剂在开发和临床试验中。本文就近年来生长因子及其受体在淋巴瘤中异常表达研究进展作简要综述。
Growth factors are a class of polypeptide molecules that combine with receptors to promote cell proliferation and regulate many cellular functions. Growth factors and their receptor signaling pathways, including Ras / MAPK, PI3K / AKT and STAT, not only regulate the biological behavior of normal cells, but also have important implications for the proliferation, differentiation, transformation and migration of malignant tumor cells. The study found that a variety of growth factors such as VEGF, PDGF and IGF and their receptors were found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of solid tumors such as lung, breast and colon cancers as well as in lymphomas such as DLBCL, PTCL, ML and NL Co-expression, suggesting that lymphoma may constitute an autocrine / paracrine loop of growth factors and their receptors. The expression of growth factors and their receptors have some guiding significance for the prognosis of patients with lymphoma. Clinical studies have found that patients with positive expression of growth factors or their receptors have poorer clinical prognosis than those with negative expression. This may be related to growth factors and their receptors on lymphoma cell proliferation, metastasis and resistance regulation. At present, growth factors and their receptors have become potential drug targets, and a variety of growth factors and their receptor inhibitors are in development and clinical trials. This review summarizes the recent progress in the study of the abnormal expression of growth factors and their receptors in lymphomas.