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中国边缘海盆地处在欧亚、印度—澳大利亚及太平洋三大板块相互作用之新生代最活跃区域,其中,南部边缘海盆地尚受南海裂解扩张作用等多种因素的深刻影响,形成了具有断拗双层结构不同类型伸展型或伸展、走滑、挤压复合型盆地,沉积充填了古近纪断陷裂谷早期中深湖相地层及其烃源岩、古近纪断陷晚期煤系地层及烃源岩、新近纪拗陷期海相地层及其烃源岩,为油气形成奠定了雄厚的物质基础。受区域地质背景影响,边缘海盆地地壳性质及厚度从陆缘区到深海洋盆区具有逐渐递变的特点;盆地沉降沉积中心亦逐渐向深海洋盆迁移,导致其大地热流及地热场向洋盆区逐渐升高增强,加之与晚期新构造运动和烃源供给系统时空上的相互耦合配置,最终控制了边缘海盆地油气分布富集规律。
China’s marginal basin is located in the most active Cenozoic region where the interaction between the three major plates of Eurasia, India-Australia and the Pacific is active. Among them, the southern marginal sea basin is still under the profound influence of various factors such as the expansion and dissolution of the South China Sea, Different types of extensional or extensional, strike-slip and squeeze composite basins are folded in the double-layered structure, and the sediments are filled with the early middle-deep lacustrine strata and their source rocks during the Paleogene rift rift, late coal measures of the Paleogene rift The strata and source rocks, the Neogene depression phase marine facies and their source rocks have laid a solid material foundation for the formation of oil and gas. Affected by the regional geological background, the crustal properties and thickness of the marginal sea basin gradually change from the marginal zone to the deep oceanic basin. The sedimentation center of the basin also gradually migrates to the deep oceanic basin, resulting in the change of the geothermal heat flux and geothermal field to the oceanic basin Area gradually increased and strengthened. Coupled with the spatial coupling of the late Neotectonic movement and hydrocarbon supply system, the distribution of oil and gas in the marginal sea basin was finally controlled.