在传统中国,民间长期处于社会文化的底层,是一个被压抑的所在。而进入20世纪,在现代启蒙、革命、民族国家想象等多重文化语境下,民间的意义和价值被充分挖掘出来,并在中国文学的转型与现代性构建中扮演了重要的角色。本文通过重新梳理和考察民间话语与现代中国文学的关系,来认识和把握现代文学民间话语的有效性、复杂性和有限性。 In traditional China, civil society has long been in the bottom of social culture, is a depressing place. In the 20th century, under the multi-cultural context of modern enlightenment, revolution and nation-state imagination, the folk meanings and values ​​have been fully excavated and played an important role in the transformation and modernity construction of Chinese literature. By reviewing and examining the relationship between folk discourse and modern Chinese literature, this article tries to understand and grasp the validity, complexity and limitation of folk discourse in modern literature.