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从株高平均、超亲优势、回归和配合力等方面,比较不同矮秆系的致矮力。并对控制玉米矮生性的基因类型及微效多基因矮秆系的基因效应和基因对数进行了研究。结果表明,在本研究所用材料中,以隐性单基因矮秆系出现的频率最低,微效多基因矮秆系次之,而大部分矮秆系则是隐性单基因和微效多基因的重叠效应系。当这些矮秆系与中、高秆系杂交时,隐性单基因矮秆系矮永白_(28)无致矮能力;微效多基因矮秆系武早_(70-1)致矮力突出,它的矮生性受5对以上微效基因控制;齐_(31)、武_(202)两个微效多基因矮秆系含有3对以上微效基因,它们与被研究的所有隐性单基因和微效多基因重叠效应矮秆系的致矮力都属中等。3个微效多基因矮秆系的 F_1株高同时受极显著的加性效应和显性效应影响,但武早_(70-1)的基础效应和势能比值都明显最小。还对不同矮秆系间杂交的致矮力进行了研究。
From the average height, super-pro-heterophylla, regression and combining ability, compared to different dwarf strains of dwarfed. The gene types and the number of pairs of genes controlling the dwarfism of maize and the multiversistent multi-gene dwarf lines were also studied. The results showed that the frequency of recessive single-gene dwarfism was the lowest in the materials used in this study, followed by that of the minor-effect polygene dwarfism, while most of the dwarfing lines were the recessive single-gene and the minor-effect polygene The overlap effect. When these dwarf lines were crossed with the middle and high culm lines, the recessive single-gene dwarfism Dwarf Wing White (28) had no ability to induce dwarfism. And its dwarfism is controlled by more than 5 minor genes. Qi (31) and Wu (202), which contain more than three pairs of microsatellite genes, are closely related to all the Implicit gene and micro-multi-gene overlap effect of dwarf strains of short dwarfism are medium. The F_1 plant height of the three multiverse-dwarf polyphyllans was significantly affected by both additive and dominance effects. However, the basal effect and potential energy ratio of wuzao_ (70-1) were significantly lower than those of the other two cultivars. Short dwarfs of hybrids between different dwarf strains were also studied.