螺旋浆飞机所产生的声信号具有线谱特性。由于飞机的运动，对地面静止观测站来说，这些谱线是随着时间变化的。本文采用进化谱估计（evolutionaryspectralestimation）的方法，完成该时变谱的估计，并由此获得飞机的高度、速度和多谱勒频移等重要参数。该方法可用于低空飞行的飞机的声学被动定位、跟踪及目标识别等领域。 Acoustic signals generated by propeller planes have line spectral characteristics. Due to the movement of the aircraft, these lines change over time for stationary observatories at the surface. In this paper, evolutionary spectrum estimation (evolutionaryspectralestimation) method to complete the time-varying spectrum estimation, and to obtain the aircraft height, velocity and Doppler frequency shift and other important parameters. The method can be used in the areas of acoustical passive positioning, tracking and target recognition of aircraft flying at low altitude.