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Tribute was an important tradition in ancient China. It had three forms, including vassal states to the suzerain, local governments to the central government, and individua1 officials to the Emperor. This paper, based on arcl.val sources and documents, discusses individual officials tribute during the QianLong reign, analyzing not only the contributor’s qualifications and the dates of the tribute, but also the tribute materials, the tribute procedure,the presentation list and other features
Tribute was an important tradition in ancient China. It had three forms, including vassal states to the suzerain, local governments to the central government, and individua1 officials to the Emperor. This paper, based on arcl.val sources and documents ,lishing individual officials tribute during the QianLong reign, analyzing not only the contributor’s qualifications and the dates of the tribute, but also the tribute materials, the tribute procedure, the presentation list and other features