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地表温度综合反映了大气、植被和土壤等因素的能量交换状况,是冻土分布模型和一些寒区陆面过程模式的上边界条件,对多年冻土分布制图和活动层厚度估算有重要意义.为了评估ERAInterim地表温度产品在青藏高原地区的适用性,综合比较了青藏高原69个海拔2 000 m以上气象站1981-2013年地面实际观测值与ERA-Interim之间的差异及其分布状况.结果表明,两种资料的变化趋势一致,但是ERA-Interim地表温度在数值上与实际观测值差别显著,平均偏低7.4℃.原因之一可能是由ERA-Interim再分析资料格点的海拔高度与气象站实际海拔高度差异引起的.根据两种温度产品之间海拔的差异,对ERA-Interim地表温度重新进行模拟,经过模拟后的ERA-Interim地表温度与实际观测值的差值在大部分气象站变小,平均偏高0.4℃.因此,经过重新模拟的ERA-Interim地表温度基本能够反映青藏高原地表温度的真实情况.以模拟后的ERA-Interim地表温度作为地面冻结数模型的输入参数模拟了青藏高原冻土分布,结果表明青藏高原多年冻土区面积为1.14×106km2,季节冻土区面积为1.43×106km2.
The surface temperature comprehensively reflects the energy exchange conditions of the atmosphere, vegetation and soil, and is the upper boundary condition of the frozen soil distribution model and some cold land surface land process models. It is of great significance to the permafrost distribution map and active layer thickness estimation. In order to assess the applicability of ERAInterim surface temperature products in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the differences and their distributions between the ground-based observations and ERA-Interim at 69 weather stations above 2 000 m on the Tibetan Plateau were compared between 1981 and 2013. Results It shows that the trend of the two data is consistent, but the surface temperature of ERA-Interim is significantly different from the actual observed value, with an average of 7.4 ℃ lower.It may be due to the reanalysis of ERA- The difference between the actual altitude of the weather station.According to the altitude difference between the two temperature products, the surface temperature of ERA-Interim is re-simulated, after the simulation, the difference between the surface temperature of ERA-Interim and the actual observed value in most meteorological The station becomes smaller with an average high of 0.4 ° C. Therefore, the re-simulated ERA-Interim surface temperature can basically reflect the true surface temperature of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau The results show that the permafrost area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is 1.14 × 106km2 and the area of seasonal frozen soil is 1.43 × 106km2 .