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一、概述 本世纪初,敦煌石室所出几万件古代写本中有一批会计文书。这批会计文书,多属吐番占领敦煌时期和归义军节度时期,分为官府、私家、寺院三类。数量最多的为寺院会计文书,大致可分为两个方面,一是常住什物方面的,二是财务方面的。 常住什物方面的薄历,有常住什物领得历、付历、借历、点检历、交割历（牒）等。 所谓常住什物领得历,又名领得抄录,是执掌常住什物的职事僧从寺院方面或从前任职事僧领得的常住什物帐目,有的还包括麦粟等食粮,如P.3638号:辛未年（911）正月六日,沙弥善胜于前都师慈恩手上现领得凾柜铛(钅敖)椀楪毡褥门户(钅巢)（?）,一一诣实,抄录如后:
First, an overview of the beginning of this century, Dunhuang Shishi out of tens of thousands of ancient scripts in a number of accounting documents. These accounting documents, mostly dominated by Turin during the Dunhuang period and the return period of the Guijun army, is divided into three categories: official, private and monastic. The largest number of monastic accounting instruments can be broadly divided into two aspects, one is the permanent things, the other is the financial aspects. Permanent resident of the thin calendar, there are often living things get calendar, pay calendar, calendar, check the calendar, delivery calendar (牒) and so on. The so-called permanent things received calendar, also known as transcribed, is the charge of the resident things Monk from the monastery or the former monk received a permanent account of things, and some also include malt and other food, such as P.3638 No .: Xin Wei Niannian (911) On the 6th day of the first month, Sha Mi Shan is better than the former Shijin grace hand is now available 凾 cabinet pan (钅 Ao) bowl 楪 blankets Portal (钅 nest) (?), Transcribed as follows: