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目的:了解沭阳县2006-2008年麻疹流行病学特征,为制订消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法:采用描述流行病学方法,对法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测系统资料进行分析。结果:沭阳县2006-2008年共发生麻疹病例256例,其中≤8月龄、9月龄～4岁、5～7岁、8～14岁和≥15岁年龄组,分别占24.61%、22.27%、6.25%、21.48%和25.39%;无免疫、有免疫史和免疫史不详的病例分别占46.48%、19.53%和33.98%,在有免疫史的病例中有14.00%未全程接种疫苗。结论:适时在重点人群中强化麻疹免疫,是短期内迅速提高人群免疫水平、降低发病率乃至阻断麻疹病毒传播的有效手段。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2006 to 2008 in Shuyang County and to provide a scientific basis for formulating measles elimination strategies. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the notifiable infectious disease reporting system and measles monitoring system data. Results: A total of 256 measles cases occurred in Shuyang County from 2006 to 2008, of which, ≤8 months old, 9 months old to 4 years old, 5 to 7 years old, 8 to 14 years old and ≥15 years old accounted for 24.61% and 22.27 %, 6.25%, 21.48% and 25.39% respectively. No immunization, unknown history of immunization and history of immunization accounted for 46.48%, 19.53% and 33.98% respectively. In the immunized cases, 14.00% did not receive the full vaccination. Conclusion: The timely and intensive measles immunization in key populations is an effective means to rapidly increase the population immunity, reduce the incidence and even interrupt the transmission of measles virus in a short period of time.