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目的了解HIV感染者/AIDS患者首次接受抗病毒治疗前后的生存质量,为采取相应措施提供依据。方法使用WHOQOL-HIV-BREF中文简表,对HIV感染者/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗前后分别进行调查,计算生存质量总分及各领域得分,并和全国常模进行比较。结果除独立性、环境、个人信仰领域得分外,治疗前后其他领域得分均低于全国常模(P<0.05)。抗病毒治疗2个月后,除环境、个人信仰领域外,生存质量其他领域得分均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,女性生存质量低于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素分析显示,性别、婚姻情况、文化程度、居住地、居住方式、家庭支持度、医疗服务质量、是否进行过艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)对HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量有影响(P<0.05)。结论 HIV感染者/AIDS患者首次抗病毒治疗后比治疗前生存质量差,尤其是女性患者。制定合理用药方案、开展家属同伴教育、推广VCT等综合措施有利于加强对抗病毒治疗初期患者的关怀与支持,提高他们的生存质量。
Objective To understand the quality of life before and after the first antiviral treatment for HIV-infected / AIDS patients and provide the basis for taking corresponding measures. Methods The WHOQOL-HIV-BREF Chinese profile was used to investigate the HIV / AIDS patients before and after antiviral treatment. The total quality of life score and scores in each field were calculated and compared with the national norm. Results The scores of other fields before and after treatment were all lower than the national norm (P <0.05) except for the score of independence, environment and personal belief. After 2 months of antiviral therapy, the score of other areas of quality of life was lower than that before treatment except for the environment and personal belief (P <0.05). After treatment, the quality of life of women than men, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that gender, marital status, education level, place of residence, living style, family support, quality of medical service and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) conducted had an impact on the quality of life of HIV / AIDS patients (P <0.05). Conclusion The HIV-infected / AIDS patients had worse quality of life than their counterparts after the first antiviral treatment, especially in female patients. Developing rational drug use programs, carrying out peer education and promoting VCT are conducive to strengthening the care and support of patients in the early stage of anti-virus treatment and improving their quality of life.