目的 :对藏药小叶莲的化学成分进行研究。方法 :采用硅胶色谱柱进行分离 ,通过物理、化学和光谱学方法鉴定各化合物的结构。结果 :分离并鉴定了 6个化合物 ,分别为去氧鬼臼毒素 (deoxypodophyllotoxin)、鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin)、4′-去甲去氧鬼臼毒素 (4′- demethdeoxypodophyllotoxin)、8-异戊烯基山柰酚 (8- prenylkeamf-erol)、柠檬酚 (citrusinol)和β-谷甾醇。结论 :各化合物均为首次从小叶莲中分得 ,其中 8- prenylkeamferol和 citrusi-nol为首次从鬼臼亚科植物中分得 Objective : To study the chemical constituents of the Tibetan medicine Monascus vanillai. Methods : Separation was performed on a silica gel column and the structures of each compound were identified by physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods. Results: Six compounds were isolated and identified: deoxypodophyllotoxin, podophyllotoxin, 4′-demethdeoxypodophyllotoxin, 8-isoprenyl 8-prenylkeamf-erol, citrustinol, and β-sitosterol. Conclusion : All the compounds were isolated from the leaves for the first time. Among them, 8-prenylkeamferol and citrusi-nol were firstly obtained from the plant of Podophyllum.