一、前言以前,人们用光电型点状红外传感器,辅之以红外透镜一类的光学系统进行二维机械扫描来获得波长为数微米的长波红外图象,这样的装置称为热象仪。为了使热象仪中的红外传感器噪声减到最小,必须要用液氮一类的致冷剂使传感器冷却。这种装置由于包括有机械扫描部分,因此就有体积大、帧时长、图象处理不便的缺点。在可见光波段中,以摄象管为基础的图 I. INTRODUCTION In the past, people used two-dimensional mechanical scanning with optoelectronic point-like infrared sensors and an infrared lens-type optical system to obtain long-wave infrared images with a wavelength of several micrometers. Such a device is called a thermal imager. In order to minimize the infrared sensor noise in the thermal imager, it is necessary to cool the sensor with a cryogen such as liquid nitrogen. Since such a device includes a mechanical scanning section, there is a disadvantage that it is bulky, has a long frame period, and has inconvenient image processing. In the visible band, a picture based on a picture tube