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水电站的大坝安全影响下游千百万人民生命财产。我国目前已建有数以万计的大坝。有的坝坝龄已二、三十年甚至更多,因此大坝安全问题愈来愈突出。笔者根据国内外关于大坝安全运行的经验,汇编了大坝安全管理要素,阐明其含义及要求,供从事大坝安全管理工作者的参考。兹将管理要点分述于后: 1.坝的运行管理也即坝的安全管理,其主要任务是监控坝的性态变化,采取一切适当的措施,使坝得到良好的维护,防止任何事故,一旦出现无可挽回的险情,则要迅速采取应急措施并向行政当局及公安部门报警,使下游居民得以安全撤离。为了搞好坝的安全管理工作,必须建立一套严格的科学管理制度,包括监测、检查、维护、安全分析、技术鉴定、应急计划等各个方面。坝的安全管理责任重大,任务繁复、牵连部门较多,坝的主管部门应
Dam safety of hydropower stations affects the lives and property of millions of people in the downstream. Tens of thousands of dams have now been built in our country. Some dam dam age has two or three years or more, so the dam safety issues more and more prominent. According to the domestic and international experience on dam safety operation, the author compiles the elements of dam safety management and clarifies its meaning and requirements for the reference of dam safety management workers. The management points will be described later: 1. Dam operation and management that dam safety management, its main task is to monitor dam behavior changes, take all appropriate measures to dam well maintained to prevent any accident, In case of irreversible danger, emergency measures shall be taken promptly and the administrative authorities and the public security departments shall be alerted so that the residents downstream can safely withdraw. In order to do a good job of dam safety management, we must establish a set of strict scientific management system, including monitoring, inspection, maintenance, safety analysis, technical appraisal, contingency planning and other aspects. Dam safety management responsibilities, complex tasks, involving more departments, the dam should be