论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解2008 - 2018年四川省巴中市居民户食用碘盐情况，探讨合格碘盐食用率的变化趋势，为下阶段碘缺乏病防治工作提供依据。方法:2008 - 2012年在巴中市4个县（区）、2013 - 2018年在巴中市5个县（区）开展居民户碘盐监测。按照各年监测方案要求，2008 - 2011年，每个县（区）分别采集盐样288份；2012 - 2018年，每个县（区）分别采集盐样300份，进行盐碘检测。盐碘检测方法：2008 - 2013年采用仲裁法，2014 - 2018年采用氧化还原滴定法。判定标准：2008 - 2014年，20 ~ 50 mg/kg为合格碘盐；2015 - 2018年，21 ~ 39 mg/kg为合格碘盐。巴中市于2010年实现碘缺乏病消除目标，2012年下调食盐加碘标准，比较和分析各年份与2010、2012年合格碘盐食用率差异。结果:巴中市2008 - 2011年各采集盐样1 152份，2012年采集盐样1 200份，2013 - 2018年各采集盐样1 500份。各年份碘盐覆盖率范围为98.09% ~ 100.00%，碘盐合格率范围为91.69% ~ 98.35%，合格碘盐食用率范围为91.27% ~ 98.26%。2008 - 2018年巴中市居民户合格碘盐食用率比较，差异有统计学意义（χn 2 = 133.953，n P < 0.01）；2011、2014 - 2018年合格碘盐食用率[95.40%（1 099/1 152）、95.00%（1 425/1 500）、92.93%（1 394/1 500）、93.67%（1 405/1 500）、91.27%（1 369/1 500）、92.73%（1 391/1 500）]明显低于2010年[98.26%（1 132/1 152）]，差异有统计学意义（χ n 2 = 15.406、20.097、40.913、33.196、59.413、43.067，n P均< 0.01）；2014 - 2018年合格碘盐食用率明显低于2012年[97.50%（1 170/1 200）]，差异有统计学意义（χn 2 = 11.148、29.066、22.187、46.194、31.020，n P均 90%）；自2010年实现碘缺乏病消除目标和2012年下调食盐加碘标准后，巴中市合格碘盐食用率有所下降。建议继续加强盐业监管、健康教育和碘盐监测，提高食盐生产质量，维持居民户合格碘盐食用率的高水平，保证碘缺乏病持续消除状态。“,”Objective:To investigate the situation of iodized salt consumption of the households in Bazhong City from 2008 to 2018, and to discuss the change trend of the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt, so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in the next stage.Methods:Monitoring of iodized salt for households was carried out in 4 counties (districts) of Bazhong City from 2008 to 2012, and in 5 counties (districts) of Bazhong City from 2013 to 2018. According to the requirements of different monitoring programs in each year, 288 salt samples were collected from each county (district) from 2008 to 2011, and 300 salt samples were collected from each county (district) from 2012 to 2018, salt iodine was determined. Determination methods of salt iodine: the arbitration method was adopted from 2008 to 2013, and the redox titration method was adopted from 2014 to 2018. Decision criteria: 20 - 50 mg/kg was qualified iodized salt from 2008 to 2014; 21 - 39 mg/kg was qualified iodized salt from 2015 to 2018. Bazhong City achieved the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders in 2010, lowered the iodization standard of salt in 2012, and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in each year were compared with those in 2010 and 2012.Results:In 2008 - 2011, 1 152 salt samples were collected; in 2012, 1 200 salt samples were collected; in 2013 - 2018, 1 500 salt samples were collected in Bazhong City. The coverage rate of iodized salt ranged from 98.09% to 100.00%, the qualified rate of iodized salt ranged from 91.69% to 98.35%, and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt ranged from 91.27% to 98.26%. The consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in Bazhong City in 2008 - 2018 were compared, the difference was statistically significant (χn 2 = 133.953, n P < 0.01). The consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in 2011 and 2014 - 2018 [95.40% (1 099/1 152), 95.00% (1 425/1 500), 92.93% (1 394/1 500), 93.67%(1 405/1 500), 91.27% (1 369/1 500), 92.73% (1 391/1 500)] were significantly lower than that in 2010 [98.26% (1 132/1 152)], the differences were statistically significant (χ n 2 = 15.406, 20.097, 40.913, 33.196, 59.413, 43.067, n P < 0.01). The consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in 2014 - 2018 were significantly lower than that in 2012 [97.50% (1 170/1 200)], the differences were statistically significant (χ n 2 = 11.148, 29.066, 22.187, 46.194, 31.020, n P 90%). After the elimination target of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved in 2010 and the standard of qualified iodized salt has lowered in 2012, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in Bazhong City has decreased. It is suggested to continue to strengthen the supervision of salt market, health education and iodized salt monitoring, improve the quality of iodized salt production, maintain a high level of consumption rate of qualified iodized salt, and to ensure the continuous elimination of iodine deficiency disorders.