哮喘是儿童常见的以肥大细胞和嗜酸粒细胞等反应为主的变态反应性疾病。哮喘患儿常有特应性体质 ,其表现为血清高 Ig E水平 ,对外界的微量抗原特别敏感 ,通过 Ig E机制使支气管局部发生过敏性炎症。特应性是哮喘的表型特征 ,与遗传密切相关 ,具有家族聚集倾向 ,同环境因素一起 Asthma is a common childhood allergic diseases such as mast cells and eosinophils. Children with asthma often have atopic constitution, which manifests as high serum IgE levels, which are particularly sensitive to trace antigens from the outside world, and local allergic inflammation of the bronchial organism via IgE mechanisms. Atopy is a phenotypic characteristic of asthma and is closely related to heredity, with a tendency of familial aggregation, together with environmental factors