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农村户用沼气池运行的发酵原料主要有农作物秸秆、畜禽粪便和人粪尿,本文对这几种原料的资源量进行了估算,并分析了其分布状况。结果表明,1999年～2006年农作物秸秆的总量保持在(5.5～6.4)×108t,以稻谷秸秆、玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆为主(约3/4);畜禽粪便的总量从33.9×108t稳步增至41.2×108t,畜类粪便中以牛粪(约46%)和猪粪(约35%)为主,禽类粪便(约3.0×108t)中以鸡粪(约75%)为主;人粪尿总量随着农村人口变迁,从4.5×108t减至4.0×108t。3种类型中,以畜禽粪便为主,其比例从76%逐年上升至80%。河南、四川、山东、河北、湖南五省各种主要发酵原料的数量均位居前列,从其总量和比例关系来看,为发展沼气提供了充足和较均衡的原料,为大规模发展沼气提供了有利条件。
The main raw materials for fermentation in rural household biogas digesters are crop stalks, livestock and poultry manure and human excrement. The resources of these raw materials are estimated and their distributions are analyzed. The results showed that the total amount of crop straw remained at (5.5-6.4) × 108t from 1999 to 2006, with rice straw, corn stover and wheat straw as the main ones (about 3/4). The total amount of livestock manure increased from 33.9 × 108t steadily increased to 41.2 × 108t. Cattle manures (about 46%) and pig manure (about 35%) were the main types of livestock excrement. Chicken manure (about 75%) was mainly found in feces (about 3.0 × 108t) The total amount of human waste increased from 4.5 × 108t to 4.0 × 108t as rural population changed. Of the three types, livestock and poultry excrement was the main component, with the proportion rising from 76% to 80% year by year. Henan, Sichuan, Shandong, Hebei, Hunan Province, the five major types of fermented raw materials are the forefront of the number of its total and proportional relationship, for the development of biogas to provide adequate and more balanced raw materials for large-scale development of biogas Provided favorable conditions.