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目的 :比较不同种类饮料对牙釉质的脱矿作用。方法 :采用微量化学分析法测定饮料在处理牙釉质后 1～ 7d饮料中钙和磷浓度的变化。结果 :实验饮料除矿泉水外对牙釉质都具有脱矿作用 ,导致牙釉质钙和磷的溶出。钙和磷的溶出因饮料的种类而异 ,差异具有显著性 ,P <0 0 0 1。随时间的延长 ,钙和磷的溶出也具有显著性差异 ,P <0 0 0 1。钙和磷在 7d内的总溶出量也因饮料的种类而异 ,差异具有显著性 ,P <0 0 0 1。果汁类的钙和磷总溶出量最高 ,分别为 1 3 5 5 μmol/L± 0 2 5 0 μmol/L和 1 780 μmol/L± 0 2 70 μmol/L ;钙奶最低 ,分别为 0 2 90 μmol/L± 0 0 92 μmol/L和 0 2 3 9μmol/L± 0 0 5 0 μmol/L。结论 :饮料对牙釉质具有脱矿作用 ,脱矿作用的强弱与饮料的种类有关 ,果汁类最强 ,钙奶最弱。
OBJECTIVE: To compare demineralization effects of different types of drinks on enamel. Methods: The changes of calcium and phosphorus concentrations in beverages from 1 to 7 days after treatment of enamel were determined by micro-chemical analysis. Results: The experimental beverage had demineralization effect on enamel except mineral water, resulting in the dissolution of calcium and phosphorus in enamel. The dissolution of calcium and phosphorus varies with the type of beverage, the difference was significant, P <0 0 0 1. Over time, dissolution of calcium and phosphorus also had significant differences, P <0 0 0 1. The total dissolution of calcium and phosphorus in the 7d also varies depending on the type of beverage, the difference was significant, P <0 0 0 1. The total amount of calcium and phosphorus were the highest in juices, which were respectively 1355 micromol / L ± 0 250 micromol / L and 1 780 micromol / L ± 0 2 70 micromol / L, and calcium milk was the lowest, which was 0 2 90 μmol / L ± 0 0 92 μmol / L and 0 23 9 μmol / L ± 0 0 5 0 μmol / L. Conclusion: The beverage has demineralization effect on enamel. The strength of demineralization is related to the type of drink, the strongest juice and the weakest calcium milk.