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作者为了提高辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)和甜椒(Capsicum annuum var.Grossum Sendt)花粉胚状体的诱导频率,研究了花粉发育时期、蔗糖浓度及活性炭对花粉形成胚状体的影响。用杂种F_1代和新引进品种为材料,使花药产生胚状体的频率提高到16.5％,得到一批发育正常的植株,在现蕾前,用0.2％秋水仙碱加倍后,大部分都能正常开花结果。 辣椒和甜椒花粉发育成胚状体或愈伤组织,主要通过B途径(花粉第一次分裂形成均等的两个子细胞)和A途径(由营养细胞分裂),两者继续分裂形成胚状体或愈伤组织。生殖核只分裂1～2次或根本不分裂就退化,不参与胚状体的形成。 处于单核靠边期的花粉对诱导胚状体比单核早期的花粉效果较好。 用NT_H培养基,附加 3～6％蔗糖、0.5毫克/升萘乙酸,500毫克/升酪朊水解物,1毫克/升激动素(或1毫克/升6-苄基氨基嘌呤)以及0.5％活性炭,能提高花药产生胚状体的频率。
In order to improve the induction frequency of pollen embryoids in Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum annuum var. Grossum Sendt, the effects of pollen development stage, sucrose concentration and activated carbon on pollen-forming embryoids were studied. With F1 hybrids and newly introduced varieties as the material, the frequency of embryoid formation by anther was increased to 16.5%, and a number of normal-growth plants were obtained. Before the budding, doubling with 0.2% colchicine, most of them Normal flowering result. Pepper and bell pepper pollens develop into embryoid bodies or callus and continue to divide to form embryoid bodies through the B pathway (the first division of pollen to form two equal daughter cells) and the A pathway (division by vegetative cells) Or callus. Reproductive nuclear division only 1 or 2 times or not split on the degradation, does not participate in the formation of embryoid bodies. Pollen at the mononuclear marginal stage had better effect on inducing embryoid bodies than pollen in early mononuclear stage. NT6 medium supplemented with 3 to 6% sucrose, 0.5 mg / l naphthalene acetic acid, 500 mg / l casein hydrolyzate, 1 mg / l kinetin (or 1 mg / l 6-benzylaminopurine) Activated carbon, can increase the frequency of anther embryoid body.