目的了解江西省市售食品中稀土元素的污染水平和分布特征,为相关国家标准的修订提供依据。方法在江西全省各超市、农贸市场、副食品店等采集6类食品共770份样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定16种稀土元素的含量,按GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》评价检测结果。结果 770份样品中16种稀土元素的平均检出率为19.8%~92.7%,稀土元素总量为0.033 mg/kg~2.7 mg/kg;组成特征以轻稀土元素为主,铈、镧、钇含量较高。各类食品中稀土氧化物总量的平均值为0.042 mg/kg~3.06 mg/kg,肉类和动物肝肾中稀土氧化物总量较低,部分奶粉中稀土氧化物总量超过2.0 mg/kg。茶叶样品稀土超标率为49.6%,最大值为31.2 mg/kg,是国家标准限值的15.6倍。结论江西省市售食品中稀土元素总体污染水平较低,但部分奶粉中稀土含量较高,茶叶稀土超标情况不容乐观,建议加强对茶叶和奶粉中稀土元素的监测力度,以保障人们饮食安全。 Objective To understand the pollution level and distribution characteristics of rare earth elements in the commercial products in Jiangxi Province and provide the basis for the revision of relevant national standards. Methods A total of 770 samples of six kinds of foods were collected from supermarkets, farmers’ markets and non-staple food stores in Jiangxi Province. The contents of 16 rare earth elements in the samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. According to GB 2762-2012 “ ”Evaluation of test results. Results The average detection rates of 16 rare earth elements in 770 samples ranged from 19.8% to 92.7%, and the total amount of rare earth elements was from 0.033 mg / kg to 2.7 mg / kg. The composition was characterized by LREE, cerium, lanthanum, yttrium High content. The average amount of rare earth oxides in all kinds of food is 0.042 mg / kg ~ 3.06 mg / kg, the total amount of rare earth oxides in liver and kidney of meat and animal is lower, and the total amount of rare earth oxides in some milk powder exceeds 2.0 mg / kg. The tea sample rare earth exceeded the rate of 49.6%, the maximum value of 31.2 mg / kg, which is 15.6 times the national standard limit. Conclusion The total level of rare earth elements in commercial foods in Jiangxi Province is low. However, some rare earth elements in the milk have a higher content of rare earth elements, and the rare earth elements in tea leaves are not optimistic. It is suggested that the monitoring of rare earth elements in tea and milk powder should be strengthened to ensure the safety of people’s diet.