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传统意义上的翻译侧重于原著及原作者,主张译文要忠实于原文,最大限度地与原文对等。然而,勒菲弗尔(Andre Lefevere)的改写理论提出译者并非在真空中从事翻译活动,一切翻译行为都必然受到一定的意识形态操控,翻译行为必然涉及对原著的改写。勒菲弗尔的文化转向使得译界将研究视野扩大到语言转换之外,与文化联系起来,从文化层面重新审视翻译活动和译著。伊万·金(Evan King)的《骆驼祥子》(Rickshaw Boy)是改写理论的代表,是意识形态操控的践行者。本文从Rickshaw Boy对原著的改写,尤其是结局的修改出发,分析意识形态对翻译的影响。
The traditional translation focuses on the original and the original author, claiming that the translation should be faithful to the original text, maximizing the original equivalence. However, Andre Lefevere’s theory of rewriting suggests that translators are not engaged in translation activities in a vacuum. All translations must be subject to a certain amount of ideological manipulation, and translation must involve the rewriting of the original. Le Favre’s cultural shift has enabled the translation community to expand its research perspective beyond linguistic transformation and link it with culture and revisit translation activities and translations from the cultural perspective. Evan King’s Rickshaw Boy represents rewriting theory and is a practitioner of ideological manipulation. This article starts with the rewriting of the original by Rickshaw Boy, especially the revision of the ending, and analyzes the influence of ideology on translation.