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人体功能如心血管(血压、心率和血流量等)、肺、肝和肾等的功能均存在昼夜周期节律。症状和疾病的发生,例如冠状动脉梗塞、心绞痛及哮喘发作等,在昼夜24小时中也非均等分布。因此,药物疗效和/或药物动力学表现明显的日周期变化也就不足为奇。新近有关H_2-阻滞剂、平喘药(茶碱、叔丁喘宁)、心血管活性药物(心得安、硝酸酯、心痛定)的药物动力学和药效学资料即为其典型实例。这些资料阐明了药物治疗的基础,在评价给药系统、药剂配制和药物动力学时应当考虑生物周期节律。
Human body functions such as cardiovascular (blood pressure, heart rate and blood flow, etc.), lung, liver and kidney function circadian rhythms exist. Symptoms and diseases, such as coronary artery infarction, angina pectoris and asthma attacks, are not equally distributed 24 hours day and night. Therefore, it is not surprising that there is a significant change in the daily cycle of drug efficacy and / or pharmacokinetics. Recent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data on H 2 -blockers, antiasthmatic agents (theophylline, terbutaline) and cardiovascular active agents (propranolol, nitrates, and nifedipine) are typical examples. These data set out the rationale for drug therapy and should consider the biological circadian rhythms when evaluating drug delivery systems, drug formulations and pharmacokinetics.