,Find and replace: editing human genome in plunpotent stem cells

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Genetic manipulation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provides a powerful tool for modeling diseases and developing future medicine.Recently a number of independent genome-editing techniques were developed,including plasmid,bacterial artificial chromosome,adeno-associated virus vector,zinc finger nuclease,transcription activator-like effecter nuclease,and helper-dependent adenoviral vector.Gene editing has been successfully employed in different aspects of stem cell research such as gene correction,mutation knock-in,and establishment of reporter cell lines (Raya et al.,2009;Howden et al.,2011; Li et al.,2011; Liu et al.,2011b;Papapetrou et al.,2011; Sebastiano et al.,2011; Soldner et al.,2011; Zou et al.,2011a).These techniques combined with the utility of hPSCs will significantly influence the area of regenerative medicine.
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