论文部分内容阅读
四川、云南两省是竹子植物群落最丰富的地区之一,有许多新种有待于发现。本文发表的5个新种属于4个不同的属,分别取名为:永善悬竹Ampelocalamus yongshanensis,永善方竹Chimonobambusa tuberculata,宁南方竹Chimonobambusa ningnanica,椅子竹Dendrocalamus bambusoides,长节箭竹Sinarunbinaria longiuscula。用中文和拉丁文详细描述了这些新种的特征。文章还根据这些新种的发现讨论了有关属的概念。 1)悬竹属是热性藤本状竹类中分布最北的一个属。该属竹种的箨耳、叶耳逐渐退化,以致不发育;永善悬竹即是一例,它既无箨耳也无叶耳。永善悬竹的发现是云南有悬竹属分布的确切报道。 2)关于永善方竹和宁南方竹,未见果实标本,但根据它们的营养体特征,即地下茎复轴型;节间短,节内具剌状气生根;箨片退化成锥状等,说明这两个种应隶属于方竹属。 3)椅子竹应属于狭义牡竹属的范畴,但其小穗在花枝各节上不排成密集之球状,小穗含3—4花,外稃先端之芒刺不发达,又接近于慈竹属,为广义牡竹属的概念提供了新依据。本文支持将慈竹属作为牡竹属异名的观点。 4)长节箭竹与昆明实心竹Sinarundinaria longiuscula近缘,区别在于前者秆型较小,节间较长,达45—52厘米,节内较短,秆箨背面密被硬刺毛。文章最后对以秆柄为主要依据将我国高山竹类分为箭竹属Fargesia和玉山竹属Yushania的观点提出质疑。
Sichuan and Yunnan provinces are one of the most abundant bamboo plant communities, with many new species to be discovered. Five new genera published in this paper belong to 4 different genera, named as Ampelocalamus yongshanensis, Chimonobambusa tuberculata, Chimonobambusa ningnanica, Dendrocalamus bambusoides and Sinarunbinaria longiuscula respectively. The characteristics of these new species are described in detail in Chinese and Latin. The article also discusses the concept of genera based on the discoveries of these new species. 1) Dianthus is a genus of hot rattan bamboo in the distribution of the most northern genus. The genus is the bamboo ear, ear gradually degenerated, so that lack of development; ebony hanging bamboo is an example, it has neither ear nor ear. Yongshan hanging bamboo is found in Yunnan distribution of the exact report of the genus. 2) There is no fruit sample on the leaves of Yongshan Fangnan and Ningnan Fangzhu, but according to the characteristics of their nutrition body, the compound stems of underground stems are short; , Indicating that these two species should belong to Fang Zhu genus. 3) Chair bamboo should belong to the category of the genus Phyllostachys, but its spikelets are not densely globose on all nodes of the flowering branches. The spikelets contain 3-4 flowers, and the prickles of the nephew are underdeveloped, Bamboo is a broad basis for the concept of Phyllostachys new basis. This article supports the view that Phyllostachys pubescens is synonymous with Phyllostachys pubescens. 4) The long-knot bamboo and Kunming solid bamboo Sinarundinaria longiuscula relatives, the difference is that the former smaller stalk type, longer internodes, up to 45-52 cm, shorter section, the stalks on the back dense hard brittle hair. Finally, the article put forward the argument that stalk stems are the main basis for dividing the Chinese alpine bamboo into Fargesia and Yushania.