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模拟自来水厂现有工艺对含铊(Tl)原水进行处理,含Tl质量浓度为0.15μg/L的原水在处理后剩余Tl质量浓度为0.142μg/L,未能达到世界饮用水卫生标准规定的0.1μg/L限值。在水厂现有工艺基础上,通过投加高锰酸钾、粉末活性炭和调节pH值来强化Tl去除。单因素试验和正交试验结果表明,高锰酸钾对Tl去除有极显著影响。最佳去除率方案为:高锰酸钾1.00mg/L,pH值9.00,粉末活性炭30.0mg/L,聚合氯化铝铁1.88 mg/L。在此条件下处理Tl质量浓度为0.336μg/L的原水,出水剩余Tl质量浓度为0.045μg/L,同时该条件能使质量浓度低于1.24μg/L的Tl污染原水处理后达标。以经济投药方案处理Tl质量浓度为0.336μg/L的原水,出水Tl质量浓度为0.081μg/L,而每吨水的制水成本较原工艺仅增加0.021元。该投药方案也适用于质量浓度低于0.64μg/L的Tl污染原水。研究表明,在应对饮用水水源突发性Tl污染时,可采用高锰酸钾预氧化强化混凝应急处理。
Simulating the existing technology of tap water plant to treat the raw water containing thallium (Tl), the residual Tl concentration of the raw water containing Tl mass concentration of 0.15 μg / L after treatment is 0.142 μg / L, failing to meet the requirement of hygienic standard of drinking water in the world 0.1 μg / L limit. Based on the existing process in the waterworks, Tl removal is enhanced by the addition of potassium permanganate, powdered activated carbon and pH adjustment. Single factor test and orthogonal test results show that potassium permanganate Tl removal has a very significant impact. The optimal removal rates were as follows: potassium permanganate 1.00 mg / L, pH 9.00, powdered activated carbon 30.0 mg / L, and polymeric aluminum ferric chloride 1.88 mg / L. Under this condition, the raw water with Tl mass concentration of 0.336μg / L was treated, and the remaining Tl concentration in the effluent was 0.045μg / L, at the same time, the Tlcontaminated water with mass concentration less than 1.24μg / L could reach the standard. The economic dosing program to deal with Tl concentration of 0.336μg / L of raw water, effluent Tl concentration of 0.081μg / L, and the cost of making water per ton of water compared to the original process only increased 0.021 yuan. This dosing regimen also applies to Tl contaminated raw water with a mass concentration below 0.64 μg / L. Studies have shown that in response to sudden Tl pollution of drinking water sources, potassium permanganate pre-oxidation can be used to strengthen the coagulation emergency response.