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预处理调动机体内源性抗损伤机制保护缺血（氧）组织，具有临床应用价值。预处理方法的研究对于阐明其发生机理、扩展其临床应用范围具有重要意义。已出现的预处理方法除经典的以反复短暂缺血诱导机体内源性保护的缺血预处理外，缺氧预处理以短暂缺氧提高机体对后续长期缺血（氧）的抵抗，用于器官、组织及细胞水平研究；快速起搏预处理消除了缺血预处理的短暂缺血本身的致心律失常作用，主要用于预处理抗心律失常研究。还有用短暂缺钙、代谢底物缺如和急性容量超负荷诱导预处理的报道；药物预处理以亚致损量的药物诱导机体对后续缺血（缺氧）及其他损伤的抵抗力，具有相对安全、方便、易于控制剂量等优点，是预处理方法研究的热点，但目前常用的内毒素及其衍生物、血管紧张素Ⅱ、去甲肾上腺素等均不同程度地对机体造成损伤，探索对机体无损伤药物诱导预处理是药物预处理的研究方向。
Pretreatment to mobilize the body’s intrinsic anti-injury mechanism to protect ischemic (oxygen) tissue, with clinical value. The study of pretreatment method is of great significance for clarifying the mechanism of its occurrence and extending its clinical application range. Emerging Preconditioning Methods In addition to the classic ischemic preconditioning that induces endogenous protection of the body by repeated transient ischemia, hypoxic preconditioning transient hypoxia improves the body’s resistance to subsequent long-term ischemia (oxygen) and is used in Organ, tissue and cell levels; rapid pacing preconditioning to eliminate the ischemic preconditioning transient ischemic arrhythmia itself, mainly for the pretreatment of anti-arrhythmia. There are also reports of transient calcium deficiency, absence of metabolic substrates, and induction of acute capacity overload; drug pretreatment induces the body’s resistance to subsequent ischemia (hypoxia) and other injuries with a sub-lethal dose of drug, with Relatively safe, convenient, easy to control the dose, etc., is a hot research topic of pretreatment methods, but the commonly used endotoxin and its derivatives, angiotensin Ⅱ, norepinephrine and so on are to varying degrees on the body damage, explore Drug-induced pretreatment on the body without damage is the research direction of drug pretreatment.