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目的探讨青少年拒绝上学行为与气质性格及父母气质性格相关因素的关系。方法以年龄和性别为条件1∶3配对病例对照研究,选取就诊于盛京医院心理门诊,存在拒绝上学行为(SRB)的青少年及其父母为研究组,选取学校没有SRB的青少年及其父母为对照组,两组青少年完成一般信息调查表、儿童青少年气质性格量表(JTCI-S),父母完成气质性格量表(TCIR140)中文版。使用SPSS17.0统计分析。结果 (1)研究组包括106例SRB青少年,57位父亲和100位母亲。对照组包括318位正常青少年,232位父亲和276位母亲。(2)研究组非常态家庭类型所占比例高于对照组,差异具有显著性(=4.782,P<0.05)。(3)研究组青少年伤害避免得分高于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.001),新奇刺激寻找、奖励依赖、坚持性、自我定向和合作性得分均低于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。(4)研究组父亲奖励依赖得分低于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。研究组母亲奖励依赖和自我超越得分均低于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 (1)拒绝上学青少年气质性格、父母气质性格与对照组存在差异。(2)非常态家庭类型、青少年高伤害避免是SRB产生危险因素;青少年高新奇刺激寻找、奖励依赖、合作性、母亲高奖励依赖是拒绝上学行为保护因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between adolescent refusal to go to school and temperament and personality related factors. Methods A case-control study of 1: 3 age- and sex-matched patients was conducted. The adolescents who refused to go to school (SRB) and their parents were selected as the study group and the teenagers without SRB and their parents In the control group, two groups of teenagers completed the General Information Survey, Children and Adolescents ’Temperament Scale (JTCI-S), and Chinese Parents’ Performed Temperament and Personality Scale (TCIR140). Using SPSS17.0 statistical analysis. Results (1) The study group consisted of 106 SRB adolescents, 57 fathers and 100 mothers. The control group consisted of 318 normal adolescents, 232 fathers and 276 mothers. (2) The proportion of non-normal family type in the study group was higher than that in the control group, the difference was significant (= 4.782, P <0.05). (3) The adolescent injury avoidance scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.001). The scores of novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, self-orientation and cooperation were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). (4) The rewards score of the father in the study group was lower than that of the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.05). The mothers’ reliance independence and self-transcendence scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group, with significant difference (P <0.01). Conclusion (1) Refused to go to school adolescent temperament personality, temperament and personality difference between the control group. (2) The abnormal type of family, high adolescent injury avoidance is a risk factor for SRB; adolescent novelty stimulation to find, reliance dependence, cooperation, mothers high reliance dependence is to refuse to go to school behavior protection factors.