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两项技术的革新使小麦染色体组的分子细胞遗传学分析取得了较大的进展。第一项革新是分带技术的应用，它使人们能够区分异染色质区和常染色质区，还能逐一鉴别中期染色体。第二项革新是原位杂交程序的发展，它使人们可以在分子水平上分析染色体结构，并且可以对单个染色体上的特定ＤＮＡ序列进行物理定位。本文主要讨论分带和原位杂交技术在细胞遗传、植物育种、基因定位分析和鉴定外源染色质导入方面的应用。分子细胞遗传学分析的应用是和Ｅ．Ｒ．Ｓｅａｒｓ开创性的贡献密不可分的，如果没有他的贡献．就不可能有小麦分子细胞遗传学分析的飞速发展。
The two technological innovations have made great progress in the molecular cytogenetic analysis of wheat genomes. The first innovation is the use of zonal techniques that enable people to distinguish between heterochromatic and euchromatic regions and to identify metaphase chromosomes one by one. The second innovation is the development of an in situ hybridization program that allows one to analyze the chromosomal structure at the molecular level and to physically locate specific DNA sequences on a single chromosome. This article focuses on the application of zoning and in situ hybridization in cytogenetics, plant breeding, gene mapping and identification of exogenous chromatin import. The application of molecular cytogenetic analysis is and E. R. Sears pioneering contributions are inseparable, without his contribution. It is impossible to have the rapid development of molecular analysis of wheat cytogenetics.