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对6个籼粳单(复)交组合进行花药培养,所获花培后代株系用“三系”不育系与之测交,以鉴定各株系的恢复度及杂种优势。结果表明:120个单交花培株系中有27.50％的株系,35个复交花培株系中有44.00％的株系能使野败型不育系的育性恢复正常;在149个株系配制的“三系”组合的优势鉴定中,有12.08％的组合比对照汕优63增产10-38％;在130个“二系”组合的优势鉴定中,有4％左右的组合比对照汕优63增产18—41％。经与籼梗测验种及“三系”不育系的测交鉴定证实:通过花药培养可以在较短时间内(3-4年)获得性状稳定的新广亲和系和广亲和恢复系。讨论了花药培养技术在水稻籼粳交恢复系选育上的可利用性,及由此而展现了在“三系”或“二系”上逐步实现籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用的前景。
Six indica / japonica hybrids were crossed for anther culture. The progenies of the progenies of the flower-cultivation were tested with the “three lines” CMS lines to determine the restore degree and heterosis of the lines. The results showed that there were 27.50% of 120 monocotyledonous cultivars and 44.00% of 35 hybrids of cultivars, Among the superiority identification of the “three lines” combinations, 12.08% of the combinations produced 10-38% more yield than the control Shanyou 63. In the superiority identification of 130 “second line” combinations, about 4% Control Shanyou 63 yield 18-41%. The test with indica rice varieties and “three lines” CMS lines confirmed that the new broad-compatibility and broad-compatibility restorers with stable characters could be obtained in short time (3-4 years) by anther culture . The availability of anther culture technology for breeding indica-japonica hybrid rice restorer lines was discussed, and the prospect of gradually realizing the heterosis utilization of indica-japonica subspecies in the “three lines” or “second lines” was demonstrated.