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人们普遍使用的人力资本概念,实际上是对人力资源或可变资本的另一种表达方式,是一种工作语言,并不是规范的政治经济学范畴的概念。人力资源、可变资本和人力资本虽然都以劳动力为载体,却是三种不同性质经济关系的理论概括。人力资源向人力资本的转化,不是理论认识和统计观念的更新,而是经济关系划时代的飞跃。人力资源向可变资本的转化是生产方式的现代化,可变资本向人力资本的转化是生产关系的社会主义化。
The widely used concept of human capital, in fact, is another way of expressing human resources or variable capital. It is a working language and is not a concept of a normative category of political economy. Although human resources, variable capital and human capital are all based on the labor force, they are theoretical summaries of the three different types of economic relations. The conversion of human resources into human capital is not an update of theoretical knowledge and statistical concepts, but an epoch-making leap in economic relations. The transformation of human resources into variable capital is the modernization of the mode of production. The transformation of variable capital into human capital is the socialist of production relations.