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吴城碱矿是世界罕见的古代天然碱矿床之一,属于典型的陆相碳酸盐型盐湖沉积。矿床赋存于一个早第三纪断陷盆地中,该盆地发育了厚约2400余米的陆相碎屑—蒸发岩。天然碱距地表650—900余米,呈多层状产出,下部为天然碱矿层,上部则为含岩盐天然碱层。矿床盐类矿物组合以天然碱为主,次为石盐、重碳酸钠盐。共生矿物有磷钠钙石、氯碳钠镁石,未见通常在碳酸盐湖中出现的硫酸盐矿物——芒硝。
Wucheng alkali mine is one of the rare ancient trona deposits in the world and belongs to typical continental carbonate salt lake sediments. The deposits occur in an Early Tertiary rift basin, which developed a continental debris-evaporite about 2,400 meters thick. Naojing 650-900 meters above the surface from the ground, was multi-layered output, the lower part of the trona ore layer, the upper part of the rock containing saline trona layer. The mineral composition of the mineral salts in the deposit is mainly trona, followed by the stone salt and bicarbonate sodium salt. The symbiotic minerals are sodalite, chlorite, and the sulfate minerals commonly found in carbonate lakes, such as mirabilite.